Tafsir Surat Al Baqarah 183: "Fasting Reaching Piety"

The month of Ramadan is the month of the Qur'an. Supposedly in this Qur'an Muslims tighten their belts and sticking gas to be excited to read and reflect on the content of the Qur'an Al Karim. Yes, contemplation Koran should get a large portion of the activities of Muslims in this holy month. Considering this is only the Muslims can restore the role of the Qur'an as a guide to life and guide to the right path.

شهر رمضان الذي أنزل فيه القرآن هدى للناس وبينات من الهدى والفرقان

"The month of Ramadan is the month of the revelation of the Qur'an. Al Quran is a guidance for mankind and the explanations of the clues and the difference (between the right and a false) "(Surat al-Baqara: 185)

This noble effort can be started from a verse that is often read, echoed, even memorized by the Muslims, ie surah Al Baqarah verse 183, which deals with fasting. The noble verse reads:

يا أيها الذين آمنوا كتب عليكم الصيام كما كتب على الذين من قبلكم لعلكم تتقون

"O ye who believe, fasting is obligatory upon you as required above those before you that ye may fear Allah" (Surat al-Baqara: 183)

This paragraph contains a lot of valuable lessons related to fasting. Let's peel deep wisdom behind this noble verse.

يا أيها الذين آمنوا

"O ye who believe!"

Of lafadz is known that this verse madaniyyah or lowered in Medina (after hijrah, pen), whereas that begins with the fateful ayyuhan yaa, yaa sons or adam, is the verse revealed in Makkah makkiyyah or [1].

Imam Tabari stated that the purpose of this verse is: "O those who believe in Allah and His Messenger, and pledged his faith to justify both to them" [2]. Ibn Kathir interprets this verse: "Allah Almighty's Word is addressed to those who believe from the human race, and this is the command for fasting" [3].

From this verse we see clearly the link between fasting with one's faith. Allah Ta'ala commanded fasting to those who have faith, thus Allah Ta'ala had just received the fasting of the souls who are of faith in it. And fasting is also a sign of the perfection of one's faith.

Then, what is faith?

Language of faith means to believe or justify. As in the verse of the Qur'an:

وما أنت بمؤمن لنا ولو كنا صادقين

"And you're never going to believe us, even if we are the right people" (Surah Yusuf: 17)

Rasulullah SAW Shallallahu'alaihi clearly explain the meaning of faith in a hadith:

الإيمان أن تؤمن بالله وملائكته وكتبه ورسله واليوم الآخر وتؤمن بالقدر خيره وشره

"Faith is the God you believe in, believe in His angels, believe in His Books, His Apostles believe, believe in the Day of Judgment, and Qadr qadha faith, both good and bad" [4]

Thus the six points that should be owned by people who claim to believe. So people are reluctant to offer worship to God alone, or worshiping other gods besides Allah, his faith is unquestionable perfection. People are reluctant mengimana Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah or leave Sunnah, worship invent tuntunkan he does not, his faith is unquestionable perfection. People who do not believe in the existence of angels, do not believe the coming apocalypse, do not believe in fate, faith is unquestionable perfection.

But do you think that faith is simply believing in the heart. Imam ash-Shafi'i explains:

وكان الإجماع من الصحابة والتابعين من بعدهم ممن أدركناهم أن الإيمان قول وعمل ونية, لا يجزئ واحد من الثلاثة بالآخر

"To my knowledge, has become the consensus of the Companions and the tabi'in that faith in the form of words, actions, and intentions (heart action), do not reduce any one of these three things" [5].

Thus can not be justified people who claim to have faith but are reluctant to perform prayers, reluctant to pay zakat, and other outward deeds-deeds. Or a woman who said "Although I do not veiled, veiled my heart that is important". If the true faith, of the heart of the 'veil' will be shown as well as outward, which wears the hijab and Muslim dress properly. Hence also, the outward practice of fasting as a consequence of faith.

كتب عليكم الصيام

"It is incumbent upon you to fast"

Al Qurtubi interprets this verse: "As Allah Ta'ala has mentioned the necessity of Qisas and a testament to the people who mukallaf the previous verse, Allah Almighty also mentioned the obligation of fasting and require it to them. There is no disagreement about the necessity of "[6].

But know, in the early development of Islam, fasting is only recommended but not required. As indicated by the verse:

فمن كان منكم مريضا أو على سفر فعدة من أيام أخر وعلى الذين يطيقونه فدية طعام مسكين فمن تطوع خيرا فهو خير له وأن تصوموا خير لكم إن كنتم تعلمون

"So whoever among you is ill or on a journey (then he break), then (subject needs to be fast for him) as much as the day it left the other days. And mandatory for the people who run heavy (if they are not fasting) pay fidyah, (namely): to feed a poor person. Whoever did the service with great eagerness (fasting), then that is better for him. And fasting is better for you if ye only knew "(Surat al-Baqara: 184)

Ibn Kathir explains at length about this issue, then he stated: "In conclusion, the elimination of the law (advocate fasting) is true for people who are on the go and a healthy body, which is the mandatory fasting by paragraph:

فمن شهد منكم الشهر فليصمه

'Whoever among you is present in the month (of Ramadan), it is obligatory for him fasting' (Surat al-Baqarah: 185) "[7].

Bertahapnya compulsory fasting is progressing according to the condition when the Aqeedah of Muslims. Shaikh Ali Hasan Al-Halabi-Hafizhahullah stated: "The obligation of fasting was delayed until the second year of Hijra, when the Companions had been steady in tawheed and to glorify the greatness of Islam. The legal transfer done gradually. Because initially they were given the option to fast or not, but still recommended "[8].

Of this there is a valuable teaching for us, that the obedience of a servant to his Lord is directly proportional to the extent to which he applied monotheism.

كما كتب على الذين من قبلكم

"As is obligatory upon those before you"

Imam Al-Alusi in his commentary explains: "What is meant by 'the people before you' are the Prophets since the time of Prophet Adam 'Alaihissalam until now, as indicated by the generality isim maushul. According to Ibn Abbas and Mujahid, who referred to here is the People of the Book. According to Al Hasan, Suddi As, and As sya'bi in question is the Christians.

This verse shows the emphasis of law, pep, and reassure the other person (ie humans). Because it's a difficult case if it is a common thing many people do, would be a matter of course.

The permisalan fasting Ummah of Muhammad with people before, namely in the form of equally obligatory, or at execution time, or the same levels "[9].

Some history states that the fasting people before the people of Muhammad are disyariatkannya fasting three days each month, as explained by Ibn Kathir in his commentary: "There is a history of Muadh Ibn Mas'ud, Ibn 'Abbas, Atha', Qatadah, Ad Dhahak bin Mazahim, which states that fasting is only required during the first three days of each month, then it was abrogated by in-disyariatkannya Ramadan fasting. In addition there is a history that the obligation of fasting three days each month has existed since the days of Noah until finally in-abrogated by Allah Ta'ala with Ramadan fasting "[10].

لعلكم تتقون

"So you fear Him"

La'alla says in the Qur'an has several meanings, including ta'lil (reason) and tarajji 'Indal mukhathab (expectations of the people to talk to). With ta'lil meaning, we can interpret that the reason fasting is mandatory in order to achieve the degree of the fasting person piety. With tarajji meaning, we can interpret that the fasting person fast forward through it can be a pious [11].

Imam At-Tabari interprets this verse: "The point is that you fear Him (keep away) from eating, drinking and berjima 'with a woman when fasting" [12].

Imam Al Baghawi expand the interpretation of the explanation: "I mean, hopefully you guys pious because fasting causes. Because fasting is taqwa wasilah heading. Because fasting can subdue and defeat lust lust. Most commentators also stated, that is: so that you guard against lust that comes from food, drink and jima "[13].

In Jalalain described it succinctly: "It means that you are devoted from sin. Because fasting can beat lust which is the source of immorality "[14].

The question is now, whether it is taqwa?

In Arabic, taqwa comes from ficil ittaqa-yattaqi, which means cautious, wary, afraid. Immoral pious intention of alert and fear fall into sin. But the term, the definition of the most beautiful taqwa is expressed by Habib Bin Thalq Al'Anazi:

العمل بطاعة الله, على نور من الله, رجاء ثواب الله, وترك معاصي الله, على نور من الله, مخافة عذاب الله

"Taqwa is to practice obedience to God by the light of God (the argument), hoping for Allah's forgiveness, leaving sinners with God's light (the argument), and fear of the wrath of God" [15].

Such is the nature of those who fear Him. Pious worship, bermuamalah, hanging out, doing good as he remembered the proposition that promises rewards from Allah Ta'ala, not on the bandwagon, traditions, blind imitation, or worldly orientation. Likewise pious people always fear doing things forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, because he remembered the argument that threatens to torment terrible. From here we know that faith can not be achieved without having the light of God, which is the science of the arguments of the Qur'an and Sunnah Shallallahu'alaihi Wasallam. If a person meets these criteria, it is worth it to be a noble servant at his side:

إن أكرمكم عند الله أتقاكم

"Verily the most honored in the sight of Allah is the most pious among you" (Surat al-Hujurat: 13)

After knowing the meaning of taqwa, check out the following beautiful explanation of Shaykh Abdurrahman ibn Nasir As Sa'di rahimahullah in his commentary, about the relationship between fasting with devotion: "Fasting is one of the biggest reasons to the faith. Because the fasting person has carried out the orders of Allah and stay away from the ban. In addition, the broader relationship between fasting and devotion:

People who abstain from fasting is forbidden by God in the form of eating, drinking Jima 'and semisalnya. Though the human soul has a tendency to all that. He left all for the sake of getting closer to God, and hope for reward from Him. It's all a form of piety '
Fasting person trained himself to draw closer to God, to stay away from things that are favored by the lust, when in fact he was able to eat, drink or berjima unnoticed, but he left knowing that God is watching
Fasting was narrowed motion demon in the human blood stream, thus weakening the influence of Satan. Consequently immoral can be reduced
Fasting in general it can reproduce obedience to God, and this is a pious nature
By fasting, the rich feel the pangs of hunger. So he will be more concerned to people who lack Faqir. And this is also a pious nature "[16]

Hopefully we can be a witness fasting before God on our faith in Him. And may our fasting leads us to the degree of piety, a noble servant of Allah Ta'ala.

Author: Julian Purnama

Www.muslim.or.id article
[1] See Al Itqan fi Ulumil Qur'an by Imam As Suyuti, 55

[2] Jami 'Al Bayan FII Ta'wiil Qur'an, 3/409

[3] Tafsir Al Quran Azhim Libni Katheer, 1/497

[4] HR. Muslim 102, 108

[5] Sharh Usul I'tiqad Ahlis Sunnah, 4/149

[6] Al-Jami 'Li Ahkam Al-Qur'an, 2/272

[7] Tafsir Al Quran Azhim Libni Katheer, 1/500

[8] Shifatu Shaumin FII Prophet Ramadan, 1/21

[9] Ruuhul Ma'ani FII Tafsiir Qu'ran Al Azhim, 2/121

[10] Tafsir Al Quran Azhim Libni Katheer, 1/497

[11] See the work of the Ad Durr Al Masun As Samin Al Halabi case 138, and Al Itqan FII Ulumil As Suyuti thing Qur'an by 504

[12] Jami 'Al Bayan FII Ta'wiil Qur'an, 3/413

[13] At Tanziil Ma'alim, 1/196

[14] Tafsir Al Jalalain, 1/189

[15] Siyar A'lamin Nubala, 8/175

[16] Taisir Kariimir Rahman, 1/86


From the article 'Tafsir Surat Al Baqarah 183: "Fasting Reaching Piety" - Muslim.Or.Id'

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Lessons from the Battle of Badr

Fellow Muslim brother ...
Let us do a flashback moment to the events in the month of Ramadan filled with blessings. We hoped to learn and observe these events, we can get a lot of wisdom and valuable lessons for our daily lives. Two years after our beloved Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam emigrated to Medina, coinciding with the glorious month of Ramadan, there was a big event but it is often forgotten the Muslims. The event was the battle of Badr.

Referred to as a major event, because of the battle of Badr was the beginning of the event in a large capacity weapon made between defenders of Islam and the enemies of Islam. So great this event, the day God called teradinya the event by Yaum Al Furqan (the difference) because at that time, God, the One who lowers Islamic law, wanted to distinguish between the Truth with falsehood. At that moment God took the degree of truth with a limited number of strengths and condescending sleaze despite 3-fold the amount of strength. God sends a great help to the Muslims and their win over the enemies of Islam.

It is very unfortunate, many of the Muslims at the time we neglect this historic event. In fact, by reading these events, we can recall the history of the Companions who desperately fighting for Islam, that with it, we can feel the beauty of this religion.

Before you continue writing, our writing is not a goal reminiscent bring to invite you to have a full moon days of the war memorial, as well as posts do not peel the history, because it can be obtained by referring to the history books. This paper only tries to invite readers to contemplate ibrah and valuable lessons on the history behind the pieces of the battle of Badr.

Battle Background

One time his fame among the Muslims that Abu Sufyan Medina along caravan trade, was about to go home from Sham to Makkah. Easy road to travel and the nearest Syam must pass through Medina to Mecca. This valuable opportunity exploited by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam and the Companions to seize their merchandise. Their property be lawful for the Muslims. Why is that? Is not treasure and blood of innocent infidels it is unlawful?

There are at least two reasons that lead to treasure The Quraish are lawful for the Companions:

Quraish infidels are infidels harbi status, ie disbelievers who openly fight against the Muslims, expel the Muslims from their homeland in Mecca, and forbade Muslims to make use of their own property.
There is no peace treaty between the Muslims and the Quraish infidels who fight the Muslims.

For this reason, they are entitled to take back the treasure that had they lived and confiscate the polytheists.

Furthermore the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam set out with three hundred and thirteen companions so. Historians disagree in determining the amount of the Muslim army in the Battle of Badr. Some say 313, 317, and some other opinion. Therefore, we should not exaggerate in addressing these figures, so the numbers serve as an idol or a sacred number, sort by LDII 313 figures that make their organization as a sacred number to the notion that it is the number of Badr forces.

Among the three hundred dozen troops, there are two horsemen and 70 camels which they rode turn. 70 people in the rest of the Emigrants and Helpers.

While on the other hand, the disbelievers of Quraysh when they heard the news that the caravan of Abu Sufyan asked for help, with the sudden they prepare their strength of 1000 personnel, 600 armor, 100 horses, and 700 camels, and with a full arsenal. Leave with full pride and show off the power under the leadership of Abu Jahl.

God Originator Other

The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam with the Companions out of Madinah, hoping to block the caravan of Abu Sufyan. Seize their treasure as compensation for property left behind in the muhajirin Makah. Nevertheless, they may be worried that they met precisely army. Therefore, the Companions brought weapons is not as complete weapons during the war. However, the other God's will. God ordained the monotheism that this small force met with troops shirk. God wants to show the greatness of his religion, degrading shirk. God in His word describing their story:

وإذ يعدكم الله إحدى الطائفتين أنها لكم وتودون أن غير ذات الشوكة تكون لكم ويريد الله أن يحق الحق بكلماته ويقطع دابر الكافرين

"And (remember) when Allah promised you that one of the two parties (you face) is for you, while you want that Power Hidden weapon that does not have the one that you (your face, pent. Namely caravan), and God willed to justify the right with his verses and destroy the disbelievers. "(Surat Al Anfal: 7)

Thus the picture of the pious. Expectations of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam and the Companions did not materialize. They want the caravan treasure, but that they actually get the troops ready for war. This fact provides an important lesson in a matter of belief that not all desired pious person always granted by God. Allah has power over all things, nothing is able to control the desires of God. No matter how great one's piety, however high one chaplain at all levels can not change what God wants.

Arrogance of Satan Troops

When Abu Sufyan managed to escape from the pursuing forces of the Muslims, he immediately sent a letter to the troops about how she Mecca and Mecca called for troops returning home. However, with his arrogant, gang kingpin kesyirikan forces are reluctant to accept this offer. He actually said,

"By God, we will not be back until we arrived at Badr. We would stay there three days, slaughtering camels, binge eating, drinking khamr, listen to the people sang songs biduwanita Arabia and knowing we always scared us ... "

The arrogance they describe God in His Word,

ولا تكونوا كالذين خرجوا من ديارهم بطرا ورئاء الناس ويصدون عن سبيل الله والله بما يعملون محيط

"And do not be like those who come out of the village with a sense of pride and with intent riya 'to humans and hinder (men) from the way of Allah. And (science) Allah encompasses what they do ... "(Surat al-Anfal: 47)

They do not realize that what they are doing it under the arrangement of God, because it is covered by their arrogance. They do not realize that God's power to turn things around them. That picture of the demon army, very far from the humility and trust to the Almighty.

There is no rival loyalties

When the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam feel confident that that will be encountered is the army and not the caravan, he began to worry and fear for courage and spirit companions. He realized that his troops would face far greater strength than the strength of his forces yanng lead. Therefore, do not be surprised if there are some who feel the weight of the Companions of the departure of the troops towards Badr. God in His word describing their condition,

كما أخرجك ربك من بيتك بالحق وإن فريقا من المؤمنين لكارهون

"As the Lord told you to go out of your house with the truth, when in fact most of the people who believe it is not love." (Surat Al Anfal: 5)

Meanwhile, the commander of immigrants, such as Abu Bakr and Umar ibn Al-Khattab did not loosen, and better move on. However, this has not been deemed sufficient by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam. He still wants concrete proof of loyalty from the other Companions. Finally, to eliminate the anxiety, he conferred with the Companions, asking them to determine the attitude certainty are two options: (1) continue the war whatever the conditions, or (2) returned to Medina.

Go forward Al-Miqdad bin 'Amr and said, "O Messenger of Allah, go ahead according to what Allah has commanded you. We will be with you. By Allah, we will not say as the Children of Israel to Moses, saying: 'Go thou alone, O Moses with your Rab (Allah) and fight you two, we let sit here alone. [1] '"Then Al-Miqdad went on:" But pegilah you with your Rab (Allah), then fight you both, and we will go to battle with you two. By the One Who sent you with the truth, if you go to the bottom of the well to bring us the dark, we also are ready to fight with you until you can reach it. "

Then the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam gave good comments on the words of Al Miqdad and mendo'akan for her kindness. Furthermore, the leaders of Sa'ad ibn Muadh radi 'anhu, commander of the Ansar.

Sa'ad said, "We have faith in you. We have confirmed you. Suppose you are with us unobstructed ocean and then you plunge into the ocean, we will jump with you .... "Sa'd radi 'anhu said," Perhaps you are afraid, lest the Ansar would not help you except in the township they (Medina). Actually I speak and give answers to the name of the Ansar. Therefore, go forth as you want .... "

In-Touch Angle Night Life ...

On that night, the night of Friday 17 Ramadan 2 AH, the Prophet of Allah Muhammad sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam more prayers near the trees. While Allah sent down sleepiness to the Muslims as a sedative for them so he could rest. While on the other mushrikeen in a state of anxiety. Fear Allah revealed to them. As he always say a prayer to God. For help and assistance from Him. Among the prayers read the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam is repeated,

"... O God, if Thou willed (in their win), you will not be worshiped. O Allah, if this small force destroyed thee this day, Thou will not be worshiped ..... "

He sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam repeated this prayer shawl until he tarjatuh as ever pray, then came Abu Bakar As Siddiq radi' anhu put his scarf that fell as she hugged him ... "Self-sufficient, O Messenger of Allah ..."

About this story, immortalized in the Word of God,

إذ يوحي ربك إلى الملائكة أني معكم فثبتوا الذين آمنوا سألقي في قلوب الذين كفروا الرعب فاضربوا فوق الأعناق واضربوا منهم كل بنان (12) ذلك بأنهم شاقوا الله ورسوله ومن يشاقق الله ورسوله فإن الله شديد العقاب (13)

"Remember) when your Lord revealed to the angels:" Behold, I am with you, then be confirmed (the establishment of) those who believe ". Later I will instill terror into the hearts of the unbelievers, then cut their heads and strike off every fingertip them. (Provisions) that it is so because they oppose Allah and His Messenger, and whoever opposes Allah and His Messenger, Allah is strict in punishment. "(Surat Al Anfal: 12-13)

Evidence of miracles He sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam

After he set up rows of soldiers companions, then he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam two runs in the fighting forces. Then his gesture, "This is where the killing of so and so, it places the death of so and so, there where the killing of so and so ...."

None of the unbelievers who he called his name, but died right where he hinted sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam.

Burning embers Wars Begin

Who first sparked the war is Al Aswad Al Makhzumi, a moral bad mannered and rude. He's out of line while challenging unbelievers. His arrival was greeted by Hamzah bin Abdul Muthallib radi 'anhu. After facing each other, Hamzah radi 'anhu immediately snatch up his sword Al Aswad Al Makhzumi foot drop. After that, Al Aswad crawled into the pond and drowned in it. Hamzah then swung once again when he was in the pond. This is the first time that the victim Badar war ignited.

Furthermore, three horsemen of the Mushrikeen reliable. All three are from one family. Syaibah bin Rabi'a, Utbah bin Rabi'a, and his son Al-Walid bin Utbah. They responded to the arrival of three young Ansar, ie Auf bin Harith, Mu'awwidz bin Harith and Abdullah bin Rawahah. However, the third unbelievers reject shootout duel with three Ansar and they ask people respected among immigrants. Then the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam ordered Ali, Hamzah and Ubaidah bin Harith to go forward. Dealing with Ubaidah Al Walid, Ali faced with Syaibah, and Hamzah dealing with Utbah. For Ali and Hamza, his face no difficulties. Another case with Ubaidah. Each attack each other, to each injured. Then the opponent Ubaidah killed by Ali radi 'anhu. Peritiwa on this, immortalized in the word of God,

هذان خصمان اختصموا في ربهم

"These are the two groups (groups of believers and the unbelievers) who fight, they fight with each other about their Lord (Allah) ..." (Surat al-Hajj: 19)

Furthermore, Meet the two forces. Battle ensued between the defense-Tawheed and Shirk defenders. They fought because of differences in religious principle, not because of world conquest. Meanwhile, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam was in his tent, giving the command to the troops. Abu Bakr and Sa'ad bin Muadh radi 'anhuma charge of guarding him. Never give up, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam constantly chanting prayers and pleading for help and the help of God. Sometimes he was out of the tent and said, "Forces (Quraish) will be defeated and bent backwards ..."

He also always gives motivation to the Companions to fight. He said, "By God, someone is not fighting them on this day, then he is killed with patience and hope for reward, and move forward and never retreat, surely Allah will enter him into Paradise."

Suddenly stood Umair bin Al Himam Al Ansari while bringing some dates to eat, he asked, "O Messenger of Allah, is Paradise as wide as the width of the heavens and the earth?" The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam replied, "Yes." Then Umair said: " Bakh Bakh ... ... (shocked expression). O Messenger of Allah, between myself and me in paradise is when they kill me. By Allah, I suppose life must eat dates first, really this is the age that is too long. Then he threw its date, and plunged into battle until killed. "

In another occasion, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam took a handful of sand and threw it into the enemy ranks. So that no one except his infidel filled with sand. They were busy with their own eyes, as a sign of the will of the miracles He Essence Ruler of the universe.

The strong influence of Close Friends In Life

The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam forbade to kill Abul Bakhtari. Because when in Mecca, he often protect the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam and who has the initiative to abort boycott the Banu Hashim. One time bin Ziyad Al Mujadzar meet him in the midst of battle. When, it was Abul Bakhtari colleagues. Thus, Al Mujadzar said, "O Abul Bakhtari, verily the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam forbade us to kill you."

"And what about my friend here?", Said Abul Bakhtari
"By God, we will not let your friend." Replied Al Mujadzar.

Eventually they both attack, so it was forced to kill Abul Al Mujadzar Bakhtari.

Victory For The Muslims

Long story short, idolaters forces defeated and forced back. Muslims forces killed and arrested several of them. There are seventy disbelievers were killed and seventy were taken captive. Among the 70 who were killed there 24 leaders of the Quraish Mushrikeen dragged and inserted into the holes at Badr. Included among the 24 men was Abu Jahl, Syaibah bin Rabi'a, Utbah bin Rabi'a and his son, Al-Walid bin Utbah.

Thus badar war, a small army capable of defeating a larger army by God's leave. Allah says,

كم من فئة قليلة غلبت فئة كثيرة بإذن الله والله مع الصابرين

"... How many classes that little can beat a lot of classes with the permission of Allah. And Allah is with those who patiently persevere. "(Surat al-Baqara: 249)

They ...
They won not because of force of arms
They won not because of the power of the number of personnel
They WON because of war in order to enforce the sentence of God and defend their religion ...
Allahu Al Musta'an ...

Footnote:
[1] The words of Al Miqdad radi 'anhu are quoted from the word of God surah Al Maidah: 24

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Brother, This is the virtue of Ramadan Fasting

At this discussion, we will examine together the virtues of Ramadan and fasting in it. May God always give us useful knowledge and righteous deeds.
The virtue of the Month of Ramadan
Ramadan is the month the revelation of the Qur'an
The month of Ramadan is a month of glorious. This month chosen as the month of fasting and in this month the Qur'an was revealed anyway. As Allah ta'ala says,
شهر رمضان الذي أنزل فيه القرآن هدى للناس وبينات من الهدى والفرقان فمن شهد منكم الشهر فليصمه
"(Some days it is specified) the month of Ramadan, the month in which the derived (the beginning of) the Qur'an as guidance for mankind and the explanations of the clues and the difference (between the right and the falsehood). Therefore, whoever of you is present (in the country where he lived) in the month, let him fast the month. "(Surat al-Baqarah [2]: 185)
Ibn Kathir rahimahullah when interpreting this noble verse that says, "(In the text) praised Almighty-the fasting month of Ramadan-other months. God thus praised God because this month has been chosen as the month of the revelation of the Qur'an in other months. As well as the month of Ramadan Allah has revealed the other divine books in Prophets' alaihimus greetings. "(Tafsirul Qur'anil Adzim, I/501, Darut Thoybah)
Shackled demons, Closed Doors of Hell and Heaven Opened Doors When Ramadan Arrived
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
إذا جاء رمضان فتحت أبواب الجنة وغلقت أبواب النار وصفدت الشياطين
"When Ramadan comes, the doors of Paradise are opened, the gates of hell are closed, and the devil was shackled." (Narrated by Muslim)
Shaykh Ibn Uthaymeen rahimahullah said, "The doors of Paradise are opened in this month because of the many good deeds done well to motivate Muslims to do good. The doors of hell are closed for at least immoral by those who believe. Bound demons then shackled, not let loose like in the month of Ramadan besides. "(Majalis Syahri Ramadan, p. 4, Wazarotul Suunil Islamiyya)
There is a Night Full of Glory and Blessing
In the month of Ramadan there is a night better than a thousand months which Tatyana Qadr (Night of Power). On this night-the last 10 days in the month of Ramadan when the revelation of Al-Karim Qur'anul.
Allah ta'ala says,
إنا أنزلناه في ليلة القدر - وما أدراك ما ليلة القدر - ليلة القدر خير من ألف شهر
"Verily, We have it down (Al-Quran) on Tatyana Qadr (Night of Power). And what will explain to thee what the Night of Power is? Night of Power is better than a thousand months. "(Surat al-Qadr [97]: 1-3)
And Allah Ta'ala also says,
إنا أنزلناه في ليلة مباركة إنا كنا منذرين
"Verily, We have it down on a blessed night and it is We Who gives a warning." (Surah Ad Dukhan [44]: 3)
Ibn Abbas, Mujahid Qotadah and say that it is a blessed night Tatyana Qadr night. (See Ruhul Ma'ani, 18/423, Syihabuddin Al Alusi)
One month of Ramadan is the granting of Prayer Time
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
إن لله فى كل يوم عتقاء من النار فى شهر رمضان, وإن لكل مسلم دعوة يدعو بها فيستجيب له
"Verily Allah frees some people from the fire on every day in the month of Ramadan, and every Muslim when he recited the prayer is granted." (Narrated by Al-Bazaar as in Mujma'ul Zawaid and Al Haytsami says narrator tsiqoh / reliable. See Jami'ul ahadith, Imam Suyuti)
The virtue of fasting
1. Fasting is a Shield
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
إنما الصيام جنة يستجن بها العبد من النار
"Fasting is a shield that can protect a servant of hell fire." (Narrated by Ahmad and Bayhaqi, dihasankan by Shaykh Al-Albani in Shohihul Jami ')
2. People who would Fasting Getting Pahala's Infinite
3. People who would Fasting Getting Two Happiness
4. Mouth odor Bepuasa More People in the Face of Allah than the fragrant smell of musk / Kasturi
From Abu Hurairah radi 'anhu, the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said,
قال الله: كل عمل ابن آدم له إلا الصيام, فإنه لى, وأنا أجزى به. والصيام جنة, وإذا كان يوم صوم أحدكم, فلا يرفث ولا يصخب, فإن سابه أحد, أو قاتله فليقل إنى امرؤ صائم. والذى نفس محمد بيده لخلوف فم الصائم أطيب عند الله من ريح المسك, للصائم فرحتان يفرحهما إذا أفطر فرح, وإذا لقى ربه فرح بصومه
"God said, 'Every son of Adam is for him charity except fasting. Fasting is for Me and I will reward him. Fasting is a shield. If any one of you to fast so do not say dirty, do not also screaming. If there is someone who berate and engage a fight, then say, 'I am fasting'. By the One who is the soul of Muhammad in His hand, bad breath actually fasting person is more fragrant to Allah on the Day of Resurrection than the smell of a few drawbacks / kasturi. And for those who fasted two joy, rejoice with them when breaking it open and when they meet God rejoices in his fast '. "(Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim)
5. Fasting will give Intercession for the People Run
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
الصيام والقرآن يشفعان للعبد يوم القيامة يقول الصيام أى رب منعته الطعام والشهوات بالنهار فشفعنى فيه. ويقول القرآن منعته النوم بالليل فشفعنى فيه. قال فيشفعان
"Fasting and the Qur'an will intercede for the servant on the Day of Judgement. Fasting will say, 'O my Lord, I have restrained him from eating and lust, so please allow me to give to her intercession'. And the Qur'an also says, 'I have been forbidden from sleeping at night, so let me intercede for him.' He said, 'Then intercession both allowed.' "(Narrated by Ahmad, Hakim, Thabrani, authentic narrators as stated by Al Haytsami in Mujma'ul Zawaid)
6. Getting people who would Fasting Forgiveness
Abu Hurayrah radi 'anhu said, the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said,
من صام رمضان إيمانا واحتسابا غفر له ما تقدم من ذنبه
"Whoever fasts the month of Ramadan because of faith and hope for a reward from Allah, then surely his sins forgiven in the past". (Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim)
7. Fasting for one who will Supplied Ar Rayyan
Sahl bin Sa'd radi 'anhu said, the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said,
إن فى الجنة بابا يقال له الريان, يدخل منه الصائمون يوم القيامة, لا يدخل منه أحد غيرهم, يقال أين الصائمون فيقومون, لا يدخل منه أحد غيرهم, فإذا دخلوا أغلق, فلم يدخل منه أحد
"Verily in Paradise there is a door called Ar-Royyaan. On the day of Resurrection those who fast will enter Paradise through the door and no one was coming in through the door unless they. It is said to them, 'Where are those who fasted?' Then the people who were standing fast and no one was coming in through the door unless they. If they had entered, the door closed and no one was coming in through the door ". (Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim)
Hopefully, the above discussion can encourage us to be more eager to get primacy of Ramadan fasting by way of adorning the days in the blessed month with good deeds in accordance with the guidance of Allah and His Messenger glorious.
Alhamdulillahilladzi bi ni'matihi tatimmush sholihaat, sallallaahu wa 'ala Alihi Muhammad wa' ala alihi shohbihi wa wa sallam.
Maroji ':Shifat shaum Prophet fi Ramadan, Sheikh Salim Al-Hilali and Sheik Ali Hasan Al Halabi with a little extra
***
Author: Muhammad Abduh TuasikalMuroja'ah: Ustadz Abu Sa'adWww.muslim.or.id article

From the article: 'Brother, This is the virtue of fasting Ramadan - Muslim.Or.Id'

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Greatness Fasting Ramadan

[1] POSITION shaum RAMADHAN
"And My servant does not draw closer to a practice with more I love than to fulfill the obligation that I charge him ..."
For The obligation of Faith
Allah ta'ala says,
يا أيها الذين آمنوا كتب عليكم الصيام كما كتب على الذين من قبلكم لعلكم تتقون
"O ye who believe, has been obliged to you for fasting, as required to those before you in order that you be cautious." (Surat Al-Baqarah [2]: 183)
Ibn Uthaymeen rahimahullah said, "Fasting Ramadan is one of the pillars of Islam. This is the position (noble) in the religion of Islam. The statute is mandatory based on ijma '/ agreement of the Muslims as Al-Kitab and Sunnah indicate so. "(Sharh Riyadhush Righteous, 3/380)
As explained in the above paragraph he says, "God directs his talk (in this paragraph, pen) to those who believe. Because of Ramadan fasting is part of the consequence of faith. And with Ramadan fasting would increase one's perfect faith. And also due to leave Ramadan fasting would reduce faith. The scholars differ about the person who does not fast because belittle or lazy, is he kafir or not? However, the correct opinion stating that the person is not pagan. Because it is not someone dikafirkan for leaving one of the pillars of Islam than two sentences creed and prayer. "(Sharh Riyadhush Righteous, 3/380-381)
Fulfilling the obligation is very primary worship, because it is the obligation of deeds most loved by Allah. Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said to bring the word of Allah Ta'ala (in the hadith Qudsi),
وما تقرب إلي عبدي بشيء أحب إلي مما افترضت عليه
"And My servant does not draw closer to a practice with more I love than to fulfill the obligation that I charge him ..." (Narrated by Bukhari [6502] from Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu'anhu)
An-Nawawi said, "In this hadith there is a theorem which shows that the main work is more liability than working on the practice of the Sunnah." (Sharh An-Nawawi li Arba'in printed in Ad-Durrah As-Salafi, p. 265)
Shaykh As-Sa'di said, "In this hadith there is a very great principal that liability should matters come before the Sunnah. And he also pointed out that the compulsory charity is more beloved to Allah and more reward. "(Al-Qulub Bahjat Al-Abrar, p. 116)
Al-Hafiz said, "From here may be a lesson that fulfill charitable obligations is most loved by Allah." (Fath al-Bari, 11/388)
Prof Shaikh. Dr.. Ibrahim Al-Ruhaili Hafizhahullah said, "Charities mandatory precedence over the Sunnah deeds. Perform the obligatory charity is more beloved to Allah than performing charitable sunnah. This is the subject of the glorious religion demonstrated by the postulates of Shari'ah and stipulated also by the scholars of the Salaf. "Then he mentioned the hadith above. After that he said, "So this hadith gives a very clear designation that the deeds shall be more glorious and more beloved to Allah than the sunnah deeds." Then he quoting words Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar above (see tajrid Al-Ittiba ' Al-Bayan fi Tafadhul A'maal, p. 34)
[2] The virtue shaum
"By the One who is my soul in His hand, really bad breath fasting person is more fragrant to Allah than the fragrance of kasturi oil ..."
Eliminating Sins
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
من صام رمضان إيمانا واحتسابا غفر له ما تقدم من ذنبه
"Whoever fasts Ramadan because of faith and expecting reward, will be forgiven his sins are past." (Narrated by Bukhari [38, 1901, 2014] and Muslim [760] of the Companions Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu'anhu)
The definition of faith here is the obligatory fasting believe that he did. While the definition of expected reward / ihtisab is the desire to have children a reward from Allah ta'ala (Fath Al-Bari, 4/136)
An-Nawawi said that the popular opinion among the scholars of fiqh experts claim that the unforgivable sins by doing that Ramadan fasting is not small sins major sins (see Al-Minhaj, 4/76). It was as stated in the hadeeth of Abu Hurayrah radhiyallahu'anhu that the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
الصلوات الخمس والجمعة إلى الجمعة ورمضان إلى رمضان مكفرات ما بينهن إذا اجتنب الكبائر
"Prayer five times a day. Friday worship to worship the one next Friday. Fasting Ramadan is the fasting of Ramadan to the next. It's all a sin between them, as long as major sins shunned. "(Narrated by Muslim [233])
In the book Shahihnya, Bukhari made a chapter entitled 'Prayer five times a day as a sin' then he mentioned a similar hadith, Abu Hurayrah from the Prophet said radhiyallahu'anhu,
أرأيتم لو أن نهرا بباب أحدكم يغتسل فيه كل يوم خمسا ما تقول ذلك يبقي من درنه قالوا لا يبقي من درنه شيئا قال فذلك مثل الصلوات الخمس يمحو الله به الخطايا
"What do you think about if there is a river at the door of your house and there she was bathing five times a day. Is there still a residual dirt left behind him? "The friend replied," Of course there is no more dirt is still ditingalkan him. "So he said," Such is the parable of the five daily prayers can take away sins. "(Narrated by Bukhari [ 528] and Muslim [667])
Ibn Hajar said, "This hadeeth indicates that Zahir is a sin here is more expansive than the small sin or big sin. But Ibn Baththal said, 'From this hadith it is concluded that it is meant specifically minor sins, because the Prophet equate sin with dirt on the body. While the dirt on the body obviously smaller in size compared with the scar or human filth. '"
Nevertheless, Ibn Hajar Ibn Baththal denied saying this by stating that what is meant by the hadith is not just a minor impurities attached to the body, but it is meant heavy dirt really is attached to the body. This interpretation is supported by the history of other sounds presented by Al-Bazzar and Ath-Thabrani from the hadeeth of Abu Sa'eed al-Khudri by sanad la ba'sa bihi that explicitly mentioning it.
That is why Al-Qurtubi said, "Zahir This hadith shows that performing the five daily prayers because that is the elimination of sins, but the meaning is awkward. But there is another hadith narrated by Muslim from the narrative before Al-Alla 'from Abu Hurairah in marfu' The Prophet said, 'Prayer is a five-time sin among the prayers for the sins of the shunned.' Based on the argument that muqayyad (specifically) is the other hadiths muthlaq (general) must be interpreted to the meaning of this. "(see Fath al-Bari, 2/15)
Hadiths that mention of the removal of sin because of his good deeds over the content according to the word of Allah Ta'ala,
إن الحسنات يذهبن السيئات
"Verily, the good deeds that will take away sins." (Qur'an Huud [11]: 114)
Ibn Kathir said, "Allah said that doing the good deeds will be able to wash away the sins of the past ..." (Tafsir al-Qur'an al-'Azhim, 4/247). Shaykh As-Sa'di explained that the reference to the sins in the paragraph above are minor sins (Taisir Al-Karim Al-Rahman, p. 391)
As God also makes action forsake sin as the cause of the abolition of minor sins. Allah says,
إن تجتنبوا كبائر ما تنهون عنه نكفر عنكم سيئاتكم وندخلكم مدخلا كريما
"If you avoid the major sins that are prohibited to you certainly We will destroy your small sins and we will enter you into a glorious place (heaven)." (Surat An-Nisa '[4]: 31)
Shaykh As-Sa'di explained that the most appropriate definition for sin is any offense given special penalty (hadd) in the world or the threat of punishment in the afterlife or eliminated certain status or the emergence of faith or God's wrath therefore anathema to him (Taisir Al -Karim Al-Rahman, p. 176).
Ali bin Abi Talhah Ibn Abbas narrated the words above the word of God. Ibn Abbas said, "Sin is any great sin that led to the threat of hell, wrath, damnation, or torment." (Narrated by Ibn Jarir, Ibn Kathir mentioned in his Tafseer, 2/202)
Ibn Abi Hatim said: Abu Zur'ah told us: Uthman bin Syaibah told us: Jarir told us history of Mughirah. He (Mughirah) said, "The actions of Abu Bakr and Umar denounced radhiyallahu'anhuma also includes a great sin." Ibn Kathir said, "A group of scholars even argue polytheists who denounced friend, this is an opinion narrated from Malik ibn Anas may Allaah have mercy." Muhammad bin Sirin said, "I do not think that there is nobody who dropped the name of Abu Bakr and Umar while he was a person who loved the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam." (Reported by At-Tirmidhi). (See this in Tafsir al-Qur'an al-'Azhim, 2/203)
Qatadah said about the meaning of the verse, "God only promises forgiveness for those who avoid major sins." (Tafsir al-Qur'an al-'Azhim, 2/203)
Including large parts of avoid sin is to constantly fulfill the obligations that when left mired in sins big culprit as well as the daily prayers, Friday prayer leave, or leave the Ramadan fast (Taisir Al-Karim Al-Rahman, p. 176)
Insert into In Heaven
Talha bin Ubaidullah radhiyallahu'anhu reports that once when there was a Bedouin man came to the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam in a state of disheveled hair. He says,
"O Messenger of Allah. Tell me about the prayer that God enjoined to do? "
He answered, "Prayer five times a day, but if you want to add to the sunnah prayers."
Then he said, "Tell me that God enjoined fasting for me?"
He answered, "Fasting in the month of Ramadan, unless you want to add to the sunnah fasting."
Then he said, "Tell me which Allah enjoined Zakat for me."
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam was telling him sharia-Islamic law. The man then said, "By the One who has glorified you with the truth. I will not add at all, and I'm also not going to reduce freight iota of obligation that Allah charge to me. "
Then the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam also said, "He's lucky if he is honest."
Or he says, "He would go to heaven if he really honest / consistent with what she said." (Narrated by Bukhari [46, 1891, 2678, and 9656] and Muslim [11]).
Fortify Culprit Of Deeds Poor
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
الصيام جنة فلا يرفث ولا يجهل وإن امرؤ قاتله أو شاتمه فليقل إني صائم مرتين والذي نفسي بيده لخلوف فم الصائم أطيب عند الله تعالى من ريح المسك يترك طعامه وشرابه وشهوته من أجلي الصيام لي وأنا أجزي به والحسنة بعشر أمثالها
"Fasting is a shield, then let him say dirty and act dumb. If there are people who criticize or berate him he should say to him, 'I am fasting. "Twice. By the One who is my soul in His hand, really bad breath fasting person is more fragrant to Allah than the fragrance of kasturi oil. (God said) 'He willingly left his food, drink and desires for my lust. Fasting is for Me, and I will personally respond. "Every kindness was certainly multiplied ten times." (Narrated by Bukhari [1894] of the Companions Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu'anhu)
The definition of obscenity (rofats) in this hadith is that vile speech. Said rofats also sometimes meant to refer jima 'with introductory-introduction. Or it could be a broader meaning than it all (Fath Al-Bari, 4/123)
Al-Qurtubi explains that this does not mean in addition to the time fasting person should utter obscenities. It's just that when you're fasting then ban against it getting louder and more assertive (Fath Al-Bari, 4/124)
Jima rofats word with the meaning 'can be seen in the verse,
أحل لكم ليلة الصيام الرفث إلى نسائكم
"Permitted to you on the night (moon) fasting do rafats (jima ') to your wives." (Surat Al-Baqarah [2]: 187)
Ibn Kathir explains that rofats word in this verse means is jima '. This is the interpretation of Ibn Abbas, Atha ', Mujahid, Sa'id bin Jubair, Thawus, Salim bin Abdullah, Amr ibn Dinar, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Az-Zuhri, Adh-Dhahhaak, Ibrahim An-Nakha'I, As-Suddi , Atha 'Al-Khurasani, and Muqatil bin Hayan (see Tafsir al-Qur'an al-' Azhim, 1/286)
And that is with bad breath who are fasting is bad breath caused by the fasting, not for other reasons (Fath Al-Bari, 4/125).
While the definition of 'desire lust' in this hadith is the desire to berjima ', because penyebutannya coupled with eating and drinking (Fath Al-Bari, 4/126)
A Special Door in Heaven
The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
إن في الجنة بابا يقال له الريان يدخل منه الصائمون يوم القيامة لا يدخل منه أحد غيرهم يقال أين الصائمون فيقومون لا يدخل منه أحد غيرهم فإذا دخلوا أغلق فلم يدخل منه أحد
"Verily in Paradise there is a door called Ar-Royyan. Diligent people who fasted will enter Paradise through it on the Day of Resurrection. No one besides entering them. Called to them, 'Which people are diligent fasting?' So they got up. No one entered through the door than their class. And if they all had entered, the door was locked so that no one can through it ... "(Narrated by Bukhari [1896] from Sahl radhiyallahu'anhu)
What is meant in the hadith that diligently fasting is not the only person working on fasting and prayers, because people like this will not enter heaven due to their disbelief (the daily prayers, pen). But the question is that many Muslims-many fast then he is called to through the door. So that every inhabitants of Paradise will enter Paradise through the doors of eight (see Sharh Riyadhush Righteous by Ibn 'Uthaymeen, 3/388-389)
Each door in heaven having specificity. It was as preached by the Prophet in the hadith,
من أنفق زوجين في سبيل الله نودي من أبواب الجنة يا عبد الله هذا خير فمن كان من أهل الصلاة دعي من باب الصلاة ومن كان من أهل الجهاد دعي من باب الجهاد ومن كان من أهل الصيام دعي من باب الريان ومن كان من أهل الصدقة دعي من باب الصدقة فقال أبو بكر رضي الله عنه بأبي أنت وأمي يا رسول الله ما على من دعي من تلك الأبواب من ضرورة فهل يدعى أحد من تلك الأبواب كلها قال نعم وأرجو أن تكون منهم
"Whoever berinfak with a pair of their wealth in the way of Allah then he will be called from the gates of Paradise, 'O servant of Allah, this is good." So people who are professionals prayers then he will be called from the door of prayer. People who are professionals jihad jihad will be called from the door. People who are professionals fasts will be called from the Ar-Royyan. And people who are professionals alms charity will be called from the door. "
When Abu Bakr heard this hadith was asked, "My father and mother as ransom you O Messenger of Allah. What else will be sought by those who are called from the doors, could anyone be called from all those doors? "So he replied," Yes there is. And I wish you belonged to them. "(Narrated by Bukhari [1897 and 3666] of the Companions Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu'anhu)
Al-Qadi Al-Harawi quoting words when explaining the meaning of 'a treasure': Some argue that what is meant by 'a treasure' is two horses, two slaves, or two camels (Al-Minhaj by An-Nawawi, 4 / 351). While the definition of berinfak in the way of Allah in the hadith berinfak to include all forms of good deeds, not just specifically for jihad (al-Minhaj, 4/352).
This hadith also indicates that everyone who labor will be called from the door, respectively. This is supported by the hadith of the other lines also from Abu Hurayrah that express it explicitly, the Prophet said,
لكل عامل باب من أبواب الجنة يدعى منه بذلك العمل
"For every person who labor there is a special door in the heaven which he will be called through the door because the charity has done." (Narrated by Ahmad and Ibn Abi Syaibah with sanad sahih, Al-Hafiz said in Fath Al-Bari, 7 / 30)
This hadith also shows how lofty position of Abu Bakr radhiyallahu'anhu. Because the Prophet said at the end of this hadith, "And I wish you belonged to them-that is, those who were called from all the gates of heaven-." Scholars say that the expectation of Allah or His Prophet certainly happens. With this statement the above hadith including hadith category that shows the virtue of Abu Bakr radhiyallahu'anhu. This hadith also shows that how few people are able to collect a variety of charitable goodness in him (Fath Al-Bari, 7/31).
Abu Bakr was the one who had various forms of good deeds and obedience. This was evident as mentioned in the following hadith.
قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من أصبح منكم اليوم صائما قال أبو بكر أنا قال فمن تبع منكم اليوم جنازة قال أبو بكر أنا قال فمن أطعم منكم اليوم مسكينا قال أبو بكر أنا قال فمن عاد منكم اليوم مريضا قال أبو بكر أنا فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ما اجتمعن في امرئ إلا دخل الجنة
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam asked (to his Companions), "Which one of you is fasting today?". Abu Bakr said, "I am." He asked again, "Who among you today are to accompany the corpse?" Then Abu Bakr said, "I am." He again asked, "Which one of you that today feed the poor ? ". Then Abu Bakr said, "I do." Then he asked again, "Who among you has today visited the sick." Abu Bakar back saying, "I do." Then the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam also said, "It is not characteristic Distinctive was collected in a person but he will definitely go to heaven. "(Narrated by Muslim [1027 and 1028] of the Companions Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu'anhu)
Abu Bakr Al-Muzani comment on friend Abu Bakr al-Siddiq radhiyallahu'anhu, "It is not that beyond the Abu Bakr Companions of Muhammad sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam (solely) because (many) working on fasting or prayer, but because of something that resides in his heart. "Commenting on the speech of Al-Muzani, Ibn 'Aliyah said," Something that dwells in the heart is the love of God' Almighty and attitudes toward counsel (fellow) of His creatures. "(Jami 'al - 'Ulum wa al-Hikam by Ibn Rajab, p. 102)
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
ألا وإن في الجسد مضغة إذا صلحت صلح الجسد كله وإذا فسدت فسد الجسد كله ألا وهي القلب
"Behold, verily in the body there is a piece of meat. If he is good, will let the whole body. And if it is damaged, corrupted the whole body. Know that it is the heart of a piece of meat. "(Narrated by Bukhari [52] and Muslim [1599] of the Companions An-Nu'man bin Bashir radhiyallahu'anhuma)
Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali said, "In this hadith there is a sign indicating that the good gestures of human limbs, her willingness to stay away from the forbidden matters, its ability to leave things that smell doubtful (unclear) is highly dependent on his gestures. If his net, that when in it is none other than the love of God and love of what is loved by Allah, fear Allah and fear plunged into the things that hated Him, it would undoubtedly be better the movements of the whole limbs. From there grew an attitude away from all sorts of uncleanness and attitude keeping away from doubtful matters to shy away from things that are forbidden ... "(Jami 'al-' Ulum wa al-Hikam, p. 93)
An-Nawawi said, "This hadeeth indicates that assertion seriously in an effort to improve and protect the liver from damage." (Al-Minhaj, 6/108)
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen said that one of the important lessons to be learned from the above hadith is, "well shaft and damage to (practice) is sourced from the heart. If the heart is good then the whole body would also be nice. And if it is damaged, then the whole body will be damaged. From this emerged faidah other cases, namely: should pay attention to matters of the heart is more than a charity concerned with the issue of limbs. Because the liver is the axis of the practice. And the heart that is later on the Day of Resurrection will be the main object of the test is intended to humans. It as the word of the Almighty (which means), "Do not they know that when the body was in the tomb was raised and issued what is hidden in the chest." (Surat Al-'Adiyat: 9-10) . Allah ta'ala also says (which means): "Verily, He is the Almighty to restore it. On the day that will be tested are hidden matters (in the heart). "(Surat Ath-Tariq: 8-9). Then purify your hearts of shirk, kebid'ahan, envy and hatred to the Muslims, and (clean up your hearts) of morality-moral and other beliefs that are contrary to the shari'ah, because the subject matter is all heart. "(Sharh Arba 'in, p. 113)
He also said, "If God in His Book, and His Messenger sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam in the Sunnah has also confirmed that the intention of fixing, then it is obligatory for every man to repair his intention and attention to the doubts that are embedded in the his heart and then cut off by him towards faith. So how do I? "
He continued, "It can be done by looking at the verses. Allah Almighty says (which means): "Verily in the creation of the heavens and the earth, and of day and night are truly the signs of God for the people who use reasoning." (Surat Ali 'Imran: 190). Allah also says (which means): "Verily in the heavens and on earth really are the signs of God for those who believe, as well as in the creation of yourselves and the animals are reptiles that were scattered signs of Allah for the those who believe. "(Surat Al-Jathiyah: 4). So please pay attention to the verses of Allah to another. "
"Then when the devil whispers in your heart of doubt, consider the verses of Allah, consider this universe who has set it up, consider how circumstances can change, how God mempergilirkan day trip among mankind until you actually believe that nature has a regulator that all-wise (ie Allah) 'Almighty ... "(Sharh Riyadhush Righteous, 1/41)
***
Author: Abu Mushlih Ari Wahyudi Www.muslim.or.id article

From the article: 'Greatness Fasting Ramadan - Muslim.Or.Id'...

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Wisdom Behind Fasting Ramadan

Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds. Prayers and peace to our Prophet Muhammad, his family and friends.
Here is some wisdom behind fasting Ramadan that we extracted from some scholars of kalam. May be useful.
1. Reaching Degree of Piety
Allah the Exalted says,
يا أيها الذين آمنوا كتب عليكم الصيام كما كتب على الذين من قبلكم لعلكم تتقون
"O ye who believe, fasting is obligatory upon you as required above those before you, that ye fear Allah." (Surat al-Baqara: 183). This verse shows that among the wisdom of fasting is that a servant can reach the degree of piety and fasting is the cause of this glorious earned degrees. This is because the fasting, a person will carry out the commands of Allah and stay away from any of his ban. This is the sense of piety. Forms of piety in fasting we can see in the following areas.
First, the fasting person will leave every God forbid that when it is she left to eat, drink, berjima 'with his wife and so on are actually very skewed hearts and want to do it. This is all done in order taqorrub or closer to Allah and gaining the rewards from Him. This is the form of piety.
Second, the fasting person is actually able to do the worldly pleasures that exist. But he knows that God is always watching himself. It is also one form of piety which was always watched over by God.
Third, when fasting, everyone would do deeds-deeds spirit of obedience. And obedience is a way to reach piety. [1] This is partly in the form of self-restraint in the practice of fasting.
2. Lessons in Lust and Pleasure Leaving Behind the World
In the fasting, every Muslim was ordered to leave the various lust, food and drinks. It was all done for God. In a hadith Qudsi [2], Allah the Exalted says,
يدع شهوته وطعامه من أجلى
"He has left the lust and food for me". [3]
Among the lessons leave lust and worldly pleasures when fasting is:
First, it can control the soul. Satiety because a lot of eating and drinking, satisfaction when dealing with the wife, it all will usually make a person forget himself, Kufr against favors, and being inattentive. So by fasting, the soul will be controlled.
Second, the liver will be busy thinking about the good things and busy remembering Allah. If someone is too tersibukkan with worldly pleasures and lulled by the food he devoured, the hearts would be remiss of thinking about the good things and neglect of the remembrance of Allah. Therefore, if the heart is not tersibukkan with worldly pleasures, nor preoccupied with eating and drinking while fasting, the liver will be radiant, the more gentle, heart was not hardened and will be easier to tafakkur (muses) and dhikr of Allah.
Third, by refraining from worldly pleasures, the more affluent people will know that he has given so much pleasure than those indigent, poor and orphans who often feel hunger. In order to celebrate this delicious, rich people also like to share with those who can not.
Fourth, with fasting blood would narrow path. While the devil is in the human blood. As the words of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam,
إن الشيطان يجرى من ابن آدم مجرى الدم
"Verily, Satan flows within the human blood flow at the site." [4] So fasting can soothe the demons that often give misgivings. Fasting also can suppress lust and anger. Therefore, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam made fasting as one panacea for people who have a desire to get married but have not been accomplished. [5]
3. Become a Better Start Moving
In the month of Ramadan every Muslim should of course stay away from a variety of immoral so fast is not in vain, so do not get too hungry and thirst alone. The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
رب صائم حظه من صيامه الجوع والعطش
"How many people are fasting but he did not get from his fast except hunger and the thirst alone." [6]
Fasting becomes useless like this because Ramadan is also filled with various immoral. Whereas in fasted every person should try to keep his tongue from rasani other people (read: backbiting), from various perkaataan immorality, from lying words, immoral acts and things in vain.
From Abu Hurairah, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
من لم يدع قول الزور والعمل به فليس لله حاجة فى أن يدع طعامه وشرابه
"Whoever does not abandon false speech even practice it, then Allaah has no need of hunger and thirst that he would go." [7]
From Abu Hurairah, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
ليس الصيام من الأكل والشرب, إنما الصيام من اللغو والرفث, فإن سابك أحد أو جهل عليك فلتقل: إني صائم, إني صائم
"Fasting is not only withhold food and drink. However, fasting is to refrain from words and rofats lagwu. If there is someone who reproach you or do you nosy, tell him, "I am fasting, I am fasting '." [8] Lagwu is futile words and semisalnya are not useful. [9] While rofats is the term for any thing desirable men in women [10] or can be meaningful dirty words. [11]
Therefore, when the month of Ramadan out every man ought to be better than the previous month because he had forged in madrasah Ramadan to leave various immoral. People who are lazily used 5 times prayers should be aware of and regularly do outside the month of Ramadan. Also in the issue Jamat prayer for men, shall also be performed in the mosque routinized as diligently carried out when the month of Ramadan. Similarly, in the month of Ramadan many Muslim women wear veils that are trying to shut down perfectly, then the outside of the month of Ramadan this should be maintained.
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
وإن أحب العمل إلى الله أدومه وإن قل
"(Know that) deeds most loved by Allah is the practice of continuous (steady) although a bit." [12]
Worship and practice obedience is not like flowers that bloom at certain times. So, praying 5 times, praying prayers, evening prayers, charity and love to dress Muslim, so worship is not seasonal. However, it should be outside the month of Ramadan is also maintained. The scholars used to say, "is as bad-ugly people who know God (worship diligent,-pen) only in the month of Ramadan."
Remember also the message of Ka'b, "Whoever fasts the month of Ramadan and then conceived in his heart that after the escape of Ramadan will commit adultery with his Lord, then it's really fast is rejected (not worth anything)." [13]
4. Opportunity for mutual compassion with The Poor and Suffering They Feel
Fasting will cause one to be fond of the poor. Because the fasting person must have felt the suffering of hunger in some time. This situation had he felt so long. Finally, he was humble towards others and do good to them. By this time he gained because of the abundance of God's children.
Similarly, the fasting person will feel what is felt by the poor, indigent, which is full of flaws. Fasting person will feel hungry and thirsty as perceived by those earlier. This has led to increase in rank with Allah. [14]
Here's some wisdom Sharai incredible behind Ramadan fasting. Therefore, the Salaf is missed meeting with Ramadan in order to gain wisdom-the wisdom that is in it. Some scholars say, "The Salaf used to pray to God for 6 months in order to meet with the month of Ramadan. And the remaining 6 months they prayed for their deeds-deeds acceptable ". [15]
Fasting Wisdom is Wrong
The common wisdom of fasting is often discussed among some that fasting can nourish the body (such as body weight may decrease, reducing the risk of stroke, lowering blood pressure and reducing the risk of diabetes [16]), then it's all wisdom along with it [17] and not The main lessons. So let someone has intended to get wisdom Sharai fasting beforehand, and do not expect him to fast only for healthy delicious alone. Because if the intention of fasting just to reach worldly enjoyment and benefit, then the reward is abundant in the sight of Allah is diminished even though he will get favors or favors healthy world that she was looking for.
Allah the Exalted says,
من كان يريد حرث الآخرة نزد له في حرثه ومن كان يريد حرث الدنيا نؤته منها وما له في الآخرة من نصيب
"Anyone who wants to benefit in the hereafter that we added advantage for him and anyone who wants the advantage in the world We gave him some of the advantages the world and no one bahagianpun him in the afterlife." (Surat ash obligatory upon: 20)
Ibn 'Abbas said, "The person who likes to do riya' will be repaid their kindness in the world. They were not going to dizholimi. But remember, the one who is doing practice of fasting, prayer practice or practice night prayers but just want to expect the world, then the reward from Allah: "Allah will give him the world that she was looking for. However, the deeds will be lost in the hereafter because they just want to make a profit world. In the Hereafter, they will also include those who lost "." [18]
So true, fasting should be done with sincere intentions to expect God's face. While health favors, it is the wisdom of fasting along with it, and not the main objective sought. If someone intends sincere in his fast, undoubtedly favors the world will come by itself without him looking for. Keep in mind the advice of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam,
من كانت الآخرة همه جعل الله غناه فى قلبه وجمع له شمله وأتته الدنيا وهى راغمة ومن كانت الدنيا همه جعل الله فقره بين عينيه وفرق عليه شمله ولم يأته من الدنيا إلا ما قدر له
"Whoever that his intention was to reach the afterlife, God will give you sufficiency in his heart, He will unite the scattered wishes, the world would she get her abject and subject. Whoever that his intention was to reach the world, Allah will make him not get enough of, would pull apart his wish, the world did not he get than that established for him. "[19]
As for the hadith which says,
صوموا تصحوا
"Fast, surely you will be healthy." Keep in mind that this kind of hadith is weak hadith (hadith dho'if) according to the scholars of hadith scholars. [20]
Hopefully we can draw valuable wisdom behind fasting in the month of goodness, the month of Ramadan.
Author: Muhammad Abduh Tuasikal
Www.muslim.or.id article [1] Taisir Karimir Rahman, p. 86.
[2] Hadith Qudsi is the hadith of Allah Ta'ala meaning, lafazhnya of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam.
[3] HR. Muslim no. 1151
[4] HR. Bukhari no. 7171 and Muslim no. 2174
[5] Excerpted from Latho'if Al Maarif, Ibn Rajab Al Hanbali, p. 276-277.
[6] HR. Ahmad 2/373. Shoaib Shaikh Al Arnauth say that sanadnya jayyid.
[7] HR. Bukhari no. 1903.
[8] HR. Ibn Khuzaimah 3/242. Al A'zhomi said that the hadeeth saheeh sanad.
[9] Al Akhfasy words, quoted from Fathul Bari, 2/414.
[10] The word Al Azhari, was quoted by Al-Minhaj Sharh Sahih Muslim, 5/114, 9/119.
[11] Al-Minhaj Sharh Sahih Muslim, 9/119.
[12] HR. Muslim no. 782.
[13] Lathoif Al Maarif, 378.
[14] See Al Mawsu'ah Al fiqhiyah, 2/9906
[15] Lathoif Al Maarif, 369
[16] See http://swaramuslim.net
[17] See Tafsir Al Quran Al Karim Surat Al Baqoroh, 1/317.
[18] Tafsir Al Quran Al 'Azhim, 7/422.
[19] HR. Tirmidhi no. In 2465. Shaykh Al-Albani said that this Hadith is authentic. See the explanation of this hadith in Tuhfatul Ahwadzi, 7/139-140.
[20] Al Hafzih Al 'Iroqiy in Takhrij Al Ihya' (5/453) said that this hadith narrated by Al Awsath Ath Thobroniy in Abu Nu'aim in Ath Thib An Nabawiy from the hadeeth of Abu Hurayrah with a weak chain of transmission (dho ' if). Shaykh Al Albani in Hadith Al Adh Genealogy Dho'ifah no. 253 says that this hadith dho'if (weak).

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